Alcohol and marijuana are some of the most frequently used drugs in recreation across the entire world all across the globe. These models have been in existence for thousands, if not for millions of years; thus, allow me to explain like my advisor, they work!It also reported that both substances could contribute to making the users feel relaxed and have sentiments of joy. But there are certain differences between them. For instance, their chemical forms are not. They also operate differently in the body and the brain, meaning that the effects they produce last for different hours.
They share the general property of having impacts on the thinking and feeling part, but the way they impact may vary. One might be preferred by some people than the other (or maybe one less preferred!). This article will make a comparison between alcohol and marijuana in a number of regards. It will include the feelings they produce, how they alter perceptions and behavior, and the duration of these feelings on the body and mind coordination. However, do bear it in mind that the accounts can be substantially different from individual to individual!
Go on reading to find out more about this complex issue.
Types of Euphoria
Alcohol and marijuana produce different types of euphoria and intoxication due to differences in their chemical structures and pharmacological mechanisms. There are such differences in the types of the euphoria produced:
Alcohol Euphoria
- Typically described as more stimulating, frenzied, or aggressive
- Involves release of serotonin, dopamine, endorphins
- Lower doses induce sociability and talkativeness
- Higher doses associated with emotional volatility, aggression
Marijuana Euphoria
- Often described as relaxing, dreamlike, introspective
- Due to the activation of the endocannabinoid system
- Associated with sensory enhancement, creativity, philosophical thinking
- Much less linked to aggressive or violent behavior
These differing euphoria profiles contribute to some of alcohol and marijuana’s diverging patterns of usage.Alcohol has the effect of reducing self-control, so it can be to be consumed at a party or gathering, while marijuana has a more relaxed, languid effect that makes it best used in every day, small company situations.
Comparing the Effects of Alcohol and Marijuana
When it comes to alcohol and marijuana, there are some notable differences in the effects they have. Let’s take a look how these substances compare:
Perceptual Effects
Alcohol and marijuana impact perception in distinct ways:
Alcohol
It can cause blurred vision, loss of coordination, and slowed reaction times due to its influence on the cerebellum and vestibular system.
Marijuana
- Improves sensory awareness especially sight, sound and taste as there is release of CB receptors in the sensory region of the brain
- Can distort spatial perception and time estimation
Impacts on Cognition and Behavior
Studies assessing and comparing the cognitive and behavioral impacts of alcohol and cannabis intoxication have found:
Alcohol has more global impairing effects on cognition and behavior than marijuana at comparable levels of intoxication. Specifically, alcohol tends to more negatively impact:
- Judgment
- Decision-making
- Concentration
- Short-term memory formation and retention
Both substances can reduce concentration and impair the ability to form new memories during states of intoxication
Marijuana seems to have less of an impact than alcohol on:
- Behavioral inhibitors
- Reaction times at recreational doses
Combining both substances can dramatically amplify impairment
In summary, while both substances affect cognition and behavior, alcohol appears to do so more profoundly compared to marijuana alone.
Motor Impairment
The most notable difference between alcohol and marijuana relates to their effects on motor function:
- Numerous studies have found alcohol has a much more severe impact on movement coordination, balance, reaction times and other psychomotor skills
- These alcohol-related motor control issues are a major contributor to the high rate of alcohol-related accidents, injuries and deaths relative to marijuana
- Combining marijuana with even small amounts of alcohol can dramatically compound the impact on motor skills and cognition
- In factors like automobile crashes, alcohol is simply a much more dangerous substance due to its greater potential to substantially impair motor function at recreational doses
Duration of Effects
In addition to differences in the type of high and perceptual effects, alcohol and marijuana differ significantly in how long their effects last:
- Alcohol: Effects typically peak within 30-90 minutes after the final drink is consumed and mostly clear in 3-5 hours depending on the amount ingested.
- Marijuana: Effects come on slower, peak at 2-3 hours after consumption, and can last up to 12 hours depending on potency and method of ingestion.
This longer duration of impairment from marijuana needs to be accounted for by users who plan to engage in activities like driving the next day.
Toxicity and Long-Term Health Effects
When it comes to toxicity and long-term health impacts, alcohol and marijuana have very different risk profiles:
- Alcohol: Chronic excessive drinking can lead to liver disease, high blood pressure, strokes, heart disease and multiple types of cancer in the long run. Binge drinking elevates risks for accidents and alcohol poisoning. Withdrawals are quite severe.
- Marijuana: No clear links exist between moderate marijuana use in adults and any severe long-term physical health effects. Risks like lung disease are lower than tobacco. Withdrawal symptoms are more mild.
However, marijuana use does carry some risks like triggering psychiatric conditions in those predisposed. Frequent use by adolescents can negatively impact brain development. More research is still needed, but current evidence suggests marijuana’s toxicity and long-term health impacts among adults are lower compared to alcohol when not accounting for risks associated with methods of ingestion or intoxicated behavior.
Addiction Potential
Marijuana dependence occurs in about 9% of users compared to 15% for alcohol, suggesting it carries lower addiction potential. Withdrawal severity also differs:
- As it was mentioned above, alcohol withdrawal symptoms are quite serious. They can be even life-threatening due to seizures, delirium tremens and other issues. Only 5-10% of people going through alcohol withdrawal do so without complications.
- Marijuana withdrawal is relatively mild, characterized mostly by temporary sleep disturbances, anxiety and irritability.
Additionally, while both substances activate the brain’s reward system, some research suggests marijuana may have a “ceiling effect” that limits the reward potential from very high doses, essentially self-regulating use. More human studies are still needed in this emerging area of research.
Legal Status
It is worth stating that marijuana and alcohol are considered to be legal in different manners around the world. Alcohol can be bought and consumed legally in most countries and for adults, while marijuana remains banned all over the world apart from Uruguay, Canada, and 15 US states. However, policies are rapidly shifting toward regulation and legalization of marijuana in North and South America, reflecting changing societal attitudes.
Usage Demographics
While both substances enjoy widespread use, their consumption patterns differ among demographic groups. Key trends include:
- Daily alcohol consumption is more evenly distributed by age compared with daily marijuana use, which is greatly dominated by the age ranges of 18-25 years and below the age of 50.
- Male has a higher prevalence of alcohol use than females in every age bracket except the last one. This gender gap is narrower for marijuana.
- Youth consumption of alcohol has declined substantially over the past decades, while youth marijuana use has increased or stabilized as perceptions of risk have fallen.
In summary, marijuana use remains more an issue among youth populations, while alcohol consumption permeates across all demographics. Both substances remain widely used despite their differing legal status.
Conclusion
While alcohol and marijuana share some general properties as intoxicants, they have distinct differences in multiple domains – from their type of euphoria and high to their adverse effects and legal status. Understanding these differences allows the unique risks of each substance to be more accurately assessed and addressed on both an individual and societal level.